Risk of spread in adult-onset isolated focal dystonia: a prospective international cohort study.

Brian D BermanChristopher L GrothStefan H SillauSarah Pirio RichardsonScott A NorrisJohanna JunkerNorbert BrüggemannPinky AgarwalRichard L BarbanoAlberto J EspayJoaquin A VizcarraChristine KleinTobias BäumerSebastian LoensStephen G ReichMarie VidailhetCecilia BonnetEmmanuel RozeHyder A JinnahJoel S Perlmutter

Published in: Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry (2019)

Initial body region affected in isolated focal dystonia has differential risk and patterns of spread. Genetic factors likely influence the risk of spread. These findings can aid clinical prognostication and inform future investigations into potential disease-modifying treatments.

Keyphrases

deep brain stimulation
early onset
current status
gene expression
copy number
breast cancer risk