Photodegradation of Myrigalone A, an Allelochemical from Myrica gale: Photoproducts and Effect of Terpenes.

This study investigated the environmental fate of myrigalone A, a light absorbing natural herbicide found on leaves and fruits of Myrica gale. Myrigalone A was irradiated in water and as a dry solid deposit to simulate reactions on leaves, alone and in the presence of the terpenes generated by Myrica gale. The phototransformation was fast ( t1/2 = 35 min in water). Analyses by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution orbitrap electrospray mass spectrometry (MS) and gas chromatography-MS revealed the formation of 11 photoproducts in water and solid and 9 in gaseous phase. Some were detected in the leaf glands and oil covering the fruits of Myrica gale, which suggested that photodegradation occurred in the field. Moreover, myrigalone A photoinduced the oxidation of terpenes that in turn protected it against photolysis. This highlights the need for additional research on the effect of terpenes on the photodegradation of pesticides on vegetation.