A Postulated Model for Photoimmunopathogenesis of Chronic Actinic Dermatitis around Adaptive Immunity, including Th17 cells, Tregs, TRMs, Cytotoxic T cells and/or Common-γ Chain receptor+ cells.

Based on the clinical analysis and immunopathogenic results, avoidance of excessive sun exposure, and topical and systemic blocking agents for photo(contact) allergens are recommended. Additionally, conventional immunomodulators and emerging agents including JAK-STAT inhibitors may be administered for CAD treatment in the future.