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Evidence for causal effects of lifetime smoking on risk for depression and schizophrenia: a Mendelian randomisation study.

Robyn E WoottonRebecca C RichmondBobby G StuijfzandRebecca B LawnHannah M SallisGemma M J TaylorGibran HemaniHannah J JonesStanley ZammitGeorge Davey SmithMarcus R Munafò
Published in: Psychological medicine (2019)
These findings suggest that the association between smoking, schizophrenia and depression is due, at least in part, to a causal effect of smoking, providing further evidence for the detrimental consequences of smoking on mental health.
Keyphrases
  • smoking cessation
  • mental health
  • bipolar disorder
  • depressive symptoms
  • sleep quality
  • mental illness