Non-invasive plasma testing for CD274 UTR structural variations by next-generation sequencing in cancer.
Wenjuan ZhangJian CaoKe LiuZiwei QuYing ZhengJun YuYishan YuYongsheng WangJiayan WuPublished in: Cell death discovery (2023)
Immunotherapy is now the main choice of systemic therapy for many cancer patients, while current biomarkers for tumor immunotherapy may be limited by the accessibility of patient tumor tissue or tumor neoplastic content. Rare mutation in the 5' and 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of CD274 gene (Protein name: PD-L1) has been recently reported in hematologic and solid tumors as a potential biomarker for assessing efficacy during immunotherapy. However, multi-omics analysis for CD274 UTR region, especially circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), have been little explored in the pan-cancer perspective. We developed a cSMART2.0 technology featured with higher capture efficiency and homogeneity to detect this rare structural variant in 2249 Chinese patients' cohort with multiple cancers. An incidence of 0.36% was detected in this cohort, consistent with TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), while the prevalence of SV in CD274 UTR region in liver and breast cancer were significantly higher than TCGA. The liquid biopsy result from ctDNA was 100% concordance with gDNA result getting from tumor tissue detection, and further validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) experiments. Patients carrying this SV in CD274 UTR region without driver gene mutation responded to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This study proves that rare structural variants in CD274 UTR region exist in various cancer in Chinese population for the first time, which can induce immune escape and be used for prediction of response to ICIs. Liquid biopsy based cSMART 2.0 technology could offer more sensitive and accurate detection to navigate potential ICIs patients and to benefit patients with advanced disease when tissue samples are not available.
Keyphrases
- circulating tumor
- end stage renal disease
- papillary thyroid
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- risk factors
- chronic kidney disease
- cell free
- copy number
- circulating tumor cells
- prognostic factors
- nk cells
- peritoneal dialysis
- squamous cell carcinoma
- genome wide
- single cell
- ionic liquid
- ultrasound guided
- risk assessment
- childhood cancer
- single molecule
- patient reported outcomes
- resting state
- label free
- functional connectivity
- sensitive detection
- fine needle aspiration
- young adults
- quantum dots