Characterization of heart rate changes associated with autonomic dysreflexia during penile vibrostimulation and urodynamics.

Our findings reveal that AD-associated HR changes during PVS and UDS appear to be related to the magnitude of systolic BP increases. Highly elevated systolic BP associated with bradycardia suggests the presence of severe AD. Therefore, we recommend cardiovascular monitoring (preferably with continuous beat-to-beat recordings) during PVS and UDS to detect AD early. Stopping assessments before systolic BP reaches dangerously elevated levels, could reduce the risk of life-threatening complications in this cohort.