Engineered extracellular vesicles derived from primary M2 macrophages with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

A series of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the engineered extracellular vesicles significantly improved the microenvironment after injury and promoted the recovery of motor function after SCI. We provide a new method for inflammation suppression combined with neuroprotective strategies to treat SCI.