Progress in photocatalytic CO 2 reduction based on single-atom catalysts.

Reduced CO 2 emissions, conversion, and reuse are critical steps toward carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Converting CO 2 into high-value carbon-containing compounds or fuels may effectively address the energy shortage and environmental issues, which is consistent with the notion of sustainable development. Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction processes have become one of the research focuses, where single-atom catalysts have demonstrated significant benefits owing to their excellent percentage of atom utilization. However, among the crucial challenges confronting contemporary research is the production of efficient, low-cost, and durable photocatalysts. In this paper, we offer a comprehensive overview of the study growth on single-atom catalysts for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction reactions, describe several techniques for preparing single-atom catalysts, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of single-atom catalysts and present the study findings of three single-atom photocatalysts with TiO 2 , g-C 3 N 4 and MOFs materials as carriers based on the interaction between single atoms and carriers, and finally provide an outlook on the innovation of photocatalytic CO 2 reduction reactions.