Use of Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Preterm Infants: Is There Sufficient Evidence?
Amelie StritzkeVineet BhandariAbhay LodhaPublished in: Indian journal of pediatrics (2021)
Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent vasodilator. The inhaled form (iNO) improves outcomes in term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension in preterm infants. However, in preterm infants, the risks and benefits of iNO use are controversial. Substantial evidence reveals no significant impact on survival or other morbidities in preterm infants with iNO treatment, independent of indication, timing, or duration of use. Many scientific organizations do not recommend the use of iNO in preterm infants, except in unique clinical circumstances with echocardiographic findings of PPHN in the setting of presumed pulmonary hypoplasia.
Keyphrases
- preterm infants
- pulmonary hypertension
- nitric oxide
- low birth weight
- pulmonary artery
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- hydrogen peroxide
- cystic fibrosis
- left ventricular
- type diabetes
- risk assessment
- mitral valve
- metabolic syndrome
- skeletal muscle
- anti inflammatory
- adipose tissue
- climate change
- replacement therapy
- ejection fraction
- free survival
- atrial fibrillation