Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of the traditional medicinal plants Rhodiola rosea (Saxifragales: Crassulaceae).

Rhodiola rosea L. is used in herbal medicine in many countries for a long time. Here, its complete chloroplast genome was assembled and annotated. The genome is 151,348 bp long and comprises a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs, 25,790 bp each), a large single-copy region (LSC, 82,716 bp), and a small single-copy region (SSC, 17,052 bp). It contained 113 gene species (79 protein coding, 29 tRNA, 4 rRNA, and 1 pseudogene), with 20 of them occurring in double copies. Introns were detected in 12 PCG and 5 tRNA species. The nucleotide composition is inhomogeneous (30.9% A, 19.2% C, 18.5% G, and 31.4% T) with an overall A + T content of 62.3%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Rhodiola rosea is sister to the remaining species of Rhodiola with maximum support in phylogeny.