To manualize, or not to manualize: Is that still the question? A systematic review of empirical evidence for manual superiority in psychological treatment.
Femke TruijensLevin Zühlke-van HulzenStijn VanheulePublished in: Journal of clinical psychology (2018)
Manualized treatment is not empirically supported as more effective than nonmanualized treatment. While manual-based treatment may be attractive as a research tool, it should not be promoted as being superior to nonmanualized psychotherapy for clinical practice.