Perivascular Adipose Tissue as a Target for Antioxidant Therapy for Cardiovascular Complications.
Andy W C ManYawen ZhouNing XiaHuige LiPublished in: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2020)
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is the connective tissue surrounding most of the systemic blood vessels. PVAT is now recognized as an important endocrine tissue that maintains vascular homeostasis. Healthy PVAT has anticontractile, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative roles. Vascular oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological event in cardiometabolic complications of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. Accumulating data from both humans and experimental animal models suggests that PVAT dysfunction is potentially linked to cardiovascular diseases, and associated with augmented vascular inflammation, oxidative stress, and arterial remodeling. Reactive oxygen species produced from PVAT can be originated from mitochondria, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase. PVAT can also sense vascular paracrine signals and response by secreting vasoactive adipokines. Therefore, PVAT may constitute a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize recent findings on PVAT functions, ROS production, and oxidative stress in different pathophysiological settings and discuss the potential antioxidant therapies for cardiovascular diseases by targeting PVAT.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- reactive oxygen species
- cardiovascular disease
- adipose tissue
- anti inflammatory
- type diabetes
- dna damage
- insulin resistance
- nitric oxide synthase
- diabetic rats
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- induced apoptosis
- blood pressure
- cell death
- nitric oxide
- high fat diet
- risk factors
- weight loss
- machine learning
- body mass index
- high fat diet induced
- coronary artery disease
- physical activity
- glycemic control
- smoking cessation