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Association between maternal infections during pregnancy and congenital defects in their offspring: a population-based case-control study in Bogota and Cali, Colombia 2001-2018.

Jose Alejandro Rumbo RomeroIthzayana Madariaga-PAlexander Salazar-ReviakinaMaria Sierra-BretonCatherin TovarDiana SequeraCatherin RodríguezJorge HolguínPaula Hurtado-VillaKaren SarmientoIgnacio Zarante
Published in: The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians (2021)
Infections are frequent during pregnancy and their teratogenic role is well documented in Toxoplasmosis, other infections, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex (TORCH). However, the in-utero development effects of the rest of the infections that affect pregnant women are unknown. We described a cohort of patients with major Birth Defects (BD) and the exposure to infections during pregnancy from the information of Congenital Defects Surveillance Programs of two Colombian cities (Bogota and Cali) between 2001 and 2018. We evaluated associations between groups of maternal infections and BD among 3096 cases and 7446 controls that were registered. BD presentation was more frequent as isolated (64.3%), polymalformed (23.2%), and syndromic (12.4%). Infections during pregnancy were present in 52.5% of cases and 44.6% of controls. The most common single infection between cases and controls was vaginal infection. The most common polyinfection was vaginal and urinary tract infection. We found an association between BD and vaginal infections with an odds ratio (OR) 1.18 (CI 1.08-1.30), urinary tract infections OR 1.16 (CI 1.05-1.28), gastrointestinal infections OR 2.06 (IC 1.18-3.59), respiratory infections OR 1.56 (IC 1.28-1.9) and viral infections OR 1.88 (IC 1.18-3.0). Knowing the teratogenic effect of infections is important to extend prevention, screening, timely diagnosis, and appropriate treatment to pregnant women.
Keyphrases
  • pregnant women
  • urinary tract infection
  • sars cov
  • pregnancy outcomes
  • healthcare
  • physical activity
  • epstein barr virus
  • adipose tissue
  • skeletal muscle
  • social media
  • case report