Cognitive Impairment in SLE: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.
Aida ZarfeshaniKaitlin R CarrollBruce T VolpeBetty DiamondPublished in: Current rheumatology reports (2021)
A wide range of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suffer from cognitive dysfunction (CD) which severely impacts their quality of life. However, CD remains underdiagnosed and poorly understood. Here, we discuss current findings in patients and in animal models. Strong evidence suggests that CD pathogenesis involves known mechanisms of tissue injury in SLE. These mechanisms recruit brain resident cells, in particular microglia, into the pathological process. While systemic immune activation is critical to central nervous system injury, the current focus of therapy is the microglial cell and not the systemic immune perturbation. Further studies are critical to examine additional potential therapeutic targets and more specific treatments based on the cause and progress of the disease.
Keyphrases
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- disease activity
- cognitive impairment
- end stage renal disease
- induced apoptosis
- ejection fraction
- inflammatory response
- nk cells
- newly diagnosed
- prognostic factors
- rheumatoid arthritis
- stem cells
- white matter
- cell therapy
- risk assessment
- cerebrospinal fluid
- quality improvement
- cell proliferation
- human health
- oxidative stress
- lps induced
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- patient reported outcomes
- multiple sclerosis
- spinal cord
- signaling pathway
- patient reported
- climate change
- blood brain barrier