Reductive Oligomerization of Nitroaniline Catalyzed by Fe 3 O 4 Spheres Decorated with Group 11 Metal Nanoparticles.
Carlos Alberto Huerta-AguilarRajendra SrivastavaJesús A Arenas-AlatorreThangarasu PandiyanPublished in: ACS omega (2023)
The present work demonstrates a simple and sustainable method for forming azo oligomers from low-value compounds such as nitroaniline. The reductive oligomerization of 4-nitroaniline was achieved via azo bonding using nanometric Fe 3 O 4 spheres doped with metallic nanoparticles (Cu NPs, Ag NPs, and Au NPs), which were characterized by different analytical methods. The magnetic saturation ( M s ) of the samples showed that they are magnetically recoverable from aqueous environments. The effective reduction of nitroaniline followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, reaching a maximum conversion of about 97%. Fe 3 O 4 -Au is the best catalyst, its a reaction rate ( k Fe 3 O 4 -Au = 0.416 mM L -1 min -1 ) is about 20 times higher than that of bare Fe 3 O 4 ( k Fe 3 O 4 = 0.018 mM L -1 min -1 ). The formation of the two main products was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), evidencing the effective oligomerization of NA through N = N azo linkage. It is consistent with the total carbon balance and the structural analysis by density functional theory (DFT)-based total energy. The first product, a six-unit azo oligomer, was formed at the beginning of the reaction through a shorter, two-unit molecule. The nitroaniline reduction is controllable and thermodynamically viable, as shown in the computational studies.
Keyphrases
- high performance liquid chromatography
- mass spectrometry
- density functional theory
- reduced graphene oxide
- visible light
- liquid chromatography
- quantum dots
- tandem mass spectrometry
- sensitive detection
- simultaneous determination
- solid phase extraction
- highly efficient
- molecular dynamics
- ms ms
- gas chromatography
- room temperature
- molecularly imprinted
- gold nanoparticles
- metal organic framework
- ionic liquid
- multiple sclerosis
- oxide nanoparticles
- carbon dioxide
- molecular dynamics simulations
- walled carbon nanotubes
- case control