Adjuvant PD-1 Blockade in Resected Melanoma: Is Preventing Recurrence Enough?

Grossmann and colleagues report the results of a large randomized trial demonstrating improved recurrence-free survival with adjuvant pembrolizumab in resected melanoma compared with adjuvant ipilimumab or IFNα2b. However, it remains unclear whether adjuvant immunotherapies extend overall survival as outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma continue to improve. See related article by Grossmann et al., p. 644 (1).