Necrotizing Bacterial Rhinitis in an Immunocompromised Patient.

Specific bacterial infections can cause rapid necrosis of the nasal mucosa in immunocompromised patients, mimicking an invasive fungal infection. The exclusion of the latter is a priority because rapid deterioration and death may ensue within hours to days. The time lag between investigations and final diagnosis warrants empiric administration of Amphotericin B but patients are exposed to significant side effects. Histopathology and culture of the nasal tissues provide the necessary diagnostic clues to avoid inappropriate treatment.