Effects of Comorbid Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes on Hand Osteoarthritis, Pain, and Functional State Transitions: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project.
Zachary A ScherzerCarolina AlvarezJordan B RennerLouise B MurphyTodd A SchwartzJoanne M JordanYvonne M GolightlyAmanda E NelsonPublished in: The Journal of rheumatology (2020)
Overall, having or developing DM and/or CVD reduced the likelihood of symptomatic and functional improvement over time, suggesting an effect of comorbid CVD and DM on the clinical and radiographic course of HOA. Additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.