Tissue stress from laparoscopic grasper use and bowel injury in humans: establishing intraoperative force boundaries.
Amanda Farah KhanMatthew Kenneth MacDonaldCatherine StreutkerCorwyn RowsellJames DrakeTeodor GrantcharovPublished in: BMJ surgery, interventions, & health technologies (2021)
A threshold was discovered that corresponded to both significant serosal thickness change and a positive histological trauma score rating. This "force limit" could be used in novel sensorized laparoscopic tools to avoid intraoperative tissue injury.