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Computed tomographic imaging and surgical management of distal insertional avulsion fragments of the caudal cruciate ligament in four horses.

Nico Michael BolzAnna EhrleKathrin MählmannChristophorus Johannes Lischer
Published in: Veterinary surgery : VS (2023)
A cranial intercondylar approach can allow access to CdCL avulsion fragments, but complications and incomplete removal remain possible.
Keyphrases
  • total knee arthroplasty
  • high resolution
  • minimally invasive
  • risk factors
  • mass spectrometry
  • photodynamic therapy