Sprayable Multifunctional Black Phosphorus Hydrogel with On-Demand Removability for Joint Skin Wound Healing.

Wound healing remains a critical challenge in regenerative engineering. Great efforts have been devoted to develop functional patches for wound healing. Herein, we present a novel sprayable black phosphorus (BP)-based multifunctional hydrogel with on-demand removability as a joints skin wound dressing. The hydrogel is facilely prepared by mixing dopamine-modified oxidized hyaluronic acid, cyanoacetate group-functionalized dextran containing black phosphorus, and the catalyst histidine. The catechol-containing dopamine could not only enhance tissue adhesiveness, but also endow the hydrogel with antioxidant capacity. In addition, benefiting from the photothermal conversion ability of the BP and thermally reversible performance of the formed C = C double bonds between aldehyde groups and cyanoacetate groups, the resulting hydrogel displays excellent antibacterial performance and on-demand dissolving ability under NIR irradiation. Moreover, by loading vascular endothelial growth factor into the hydrogel, the promoted migration and angiogenesis effects of endothelial cells could be also achieved. Based on these features, we demonstrate that such sprayable BP hydrogels can effectively facilitate joint wounds healing by accelerating angiogenesis, alleviating inflammation, and improving wound microenvironment. Thus, we believe that this NIR-responsive removable BP hydrogel dressing would put forward an innovative concept in designing wound dressings. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.