Application of optical coherence tomography angiography for microvascular changes in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

André S Ferreira Rita Anjos Rafael José Vieira Miguel Gonçalves Afonso Ana Carolina Abreu Sílvia Monteiro Mafalda Macedo José Paulo AndradeMaria João FurtadoMiguel Lume

Published in: Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie (2023)

Microvascular changes were found in autoimmune patients under HCQ treatment without any documented retinopathy. However, the evidence produced so far does not allow to draw conclusion concerning the effect of drug as studies were not controlled for disease duration.

Keyphrases

end stage renal disease
newly diagnosed
ejection fraction
chronic kidney disease
multiple sclerosis
peritoneal dialysis
prognostic factors
emergency department
patient reported outcomes