Antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccination in people with obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Xiaodan OuJialin JiangBingqian LinQinyu LiuWei LinGang ChenJunping WenPublished in: Influenza and other respiratory viruses (2022)
COVID-19 vaccine is critical in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission. However, obesity's effect on immune responses to COVID-19 vaccines is still unknown. We performed a meta-analysis of the literature and compared antibody responses with COVID-19 vaccines among persons with and without obesity. We used Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to identify all related studies up to April 2022. The Stata.14 software was used to analyze the selected data. Eleven studies were included in the present meta-analysis. Five of them provided absolute values of antibody titers in the obese group and non-obese group. Overall, we found that the obese population was significantly associated with lower antibody titers (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.228, 95% CI [-0.437, -0.019], P < 0.001) after COVID-19 vaccination. Significant heterogeneity was present in most pooled analyses but was reduced after subgroup analyses. No publication bias was observed in the present analysis. The Trim and Fill method did not change the results in the primary analysis. The present meta-analysis suggested that obesity was significantly associated with decreased antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Future studies should be performed to unravel the mechanism of response to the COVID-19 vaccine in obese individuals.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- coronavirus disease
- weight loss
- metabolic syndrome
- systematic review
- type diabetes
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- insulin resistance
- adipose tissue
- case control
- bariatric surgery
- weight gain
- immune response
- high fat diet induced
- obese patients
- public health
- body mass index
- single cell
- clinical trial
- dendritic cells
- inflammatory response
- electronic health record
- data analysis