Microarray-Based Detection of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Proteins, Common Respiratory Viruses and Type I Interferons.
Elena N SavvateevaMarina FilippovaVladimir Valuev-EllistonNurana F NuralievaMarina YukinaEkaterina TroshinaVladimir BaklaushevAlexander V IvanovDmitry A GryadunovPublished in: Viruses (2021)
A microarray-based assay to detect IgG and IgM antibodies against betacoronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2, SARS, MERS, OC43, and HKU1), other respiratory viruses and type I interferons (IFN-Is) was developed. This multiplex assay was applied to track antibody cross-reactivity due to previous contact with similar viruses and to identify antibodies against IFN-Is as the markers for severe COVID-19. In total, 278 serum samples from convalescent plasma donors, COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and patients who recovered from mild/moderate COVID-19, vaccine recipients, prepandemic and pandemic patients with autoimmune endocrine disorders, and a heterogeneous prepandemic cohort including healthy individuals and chronically ill patients were analyzed. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 microarray results agreed well with the ELISA results. Regarding ICU patients, autoantibodies against IFN-Is were detected in 10.5% of samples, and 10.5% of samples were found to simultaneously contain IgM antibodies against more than two different viruses. Cross-reactivity between IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and IgG against the OC43 and HKU1 spike proteins was observed, resulting in positive signals for the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid in prepandemic samples from patients with autoimmune endocrine disorders. The presence of IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid in the absence of IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD should be interpreted with caution.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- end stage renal disease
- chronic kidney disease
- intensive care unit
- newly diagnosed
- coronavirus disease
- immune response
- dendritic cells
- high throughput
- multiple sclerosis
- prognostic factors
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- mechanical ventilation
- drug induced
- high intensity
- kidney transplantation
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- single cell
- patient reported