Combined thoracoscopic and axillary subcutaneous endoscopic thyroidectomy: a novel approach for cervicomediastinal goiters.

Most thyroid goiters with substernal extension can be removed by the axillary approach, but some cases require a thoracoscopic approach. The novel approach described herein (axillo-thoracic endoscopic thyroidectomy) enables the safe excision of a CMG with high patient satisfaction for selected patients.