Adverse effects of E-cigarettes on head, neck, and oral cells: A systematic review.

Catherine Wilson Claudia M Tellez Freitas Kamran Habib AwanJanet AjdaharianJordan GeilerPratheeba Thirucenthilvelan

Published in: Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology (2022)

E-cigarettes are implicated in adverse effects on head, neck, and oral cells, yet very few have been tested against these cells. More longitudinal studies using a wider variety of e-cigarettes are necessary before we can determine their total adverse effects. Future research must also investigate chronic e-cigarette use and if it leads to periodontal disease and/or head, neck, or oral cancer.

Keyphrases

induced apoptosis
cell cycle arrest
smoking cessation
endoplasmic reticulum stress
oxidative stress
cell death
signaling pathway
replacement therapy
pi k akt
current status