Real-world evidence demonstrates an appropriate atrial fibrillation population for hybrid convergent approach versus stand-alone cryoballoon ablation: A long-term safety and efficacy study.

This study demonstrated that patients with more complex forms of AF (3D-PAF or 3B/3C/3D-persistent/LSPAF) could be well managed with a convergent approach. In a real-world evaluation, outcomes match safety and efficacy thresholds achieved for patients with earlier, less complex AF etiologies treated by CB PVI alone.