Spatiotemporal characteristics determining the multifaceted nature of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species (RONSS) in relation to proton homeostasis.

The concept of localized proton availability will not only help explain the multifaceted nature of these ubiquitous simple molecules in diverse systems but also provide a basis for new therapeutic strategies to manage and manipulate these reactive species in neural disorders, pathogenic diseases, and anti-aging efforts.