Relentless, aggressive, and pervasive: Exploring gender minimization and sexual abuse experienced by women ex-military veterans.

For these participants, personal experiences of gender minimization and sexual abuse in the military incubated a betrayal of hope and moral safety. As women, they felt violated at an organizational level seemingly orchestrated by male privilege and patriarchy. Clinical priorities include reparative validation and holistic trauma support underpinned by trauma and posttraumatic growth frameworks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).