Circulating extracellular vesicles expressing PD1 and PD-L1 predict response and mediate resistance to checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma.

Simona SerratìMichele GuidaRoberta Di FonteSimona De SummaSabino StrippoliRosa Maria IacobazziAlessandra QuartaIvana De RisiGabriella GuidaAngelo ParadisoLetizia PorcelliAmalia Azzariti

Published in: Molecular cancer (2022)

EVs as driver of resistance to anti-PD1, and highlighted that the analysis of single EV population by liquid biopsy is a promising tool to stratify MM patients for immunotherapy.

Keyphrases

end stage renal disease
ejection fraction
newly diagnosed

chronic kidney disease
dna damage
prognostic factors

cell cycle
ionic liquid

ultrasound guided
patient reported