N protein-based ultrasensitive SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection in seconds via 3D nanoprinted, microarchitected array electrodes.
Md Azahar AliChunshan HuGeorge Fei ZhangSanjida JahanBin YuanMohammad S SalehShou-Jiang GaoRahul P PanatPublished in: Journal of medical virology (2022)
Rapid detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for COVID-19 diagnostics, epidemiological research, and studies related to vaccine evaluation. It is known that the nucleocapsid (N) is the most abundant protein of SARS-CoV-2 and can serve as an excellent biomarker due to its strong immunogenicity. This paper reports a rapid and ultrasensitive 3D biosensor for quantification of COVID-19 antibodies in seconds via electrochemical transduction. This sensor consists of an array of three-dimensional micro-length-scale electrode architecture that is fabricated by aerosol jet 3D printing, which is an additive manufacturing technique. The micropillar array is coated with N proteins via an intermediate layer of nano-graphene and is integrated into a microfluidic channel to complete an electrochemical cell that uses antibody-antigen interaction to detect the antibodies to the N protein. Due to the structural innovation in the electrode geometry, the sensing is achieved in seconds, and the sensor shows an excellent limit of detection of 13 fm and an optimal detection range of 100 fm to 1 nm. Furthermore, the sensor can be regenerated at least 10 times, which reduces the cost per test. This work provides a powerful platform for rapid screening of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 after infection or vaccination.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- label free
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- gold nanoparticles
- high throughput
- carbon nanotubes
- protein protein
- sensitive detection
- high resolution
- single cell
- molecularly imprinted
- amino acid
- coronavirus disease
- quantum dots
- binding protein
- high density
- cell therapy
- ionic liquid
- real time pcr
- circulating tumor cells
- bone marrow
- water soluble
- simultaneous determination