Stepwise mini-incision microdissection testicular sperm extraction in NOA patients with a history of cryptorchidism: a case-control study.

In conclusion, our study suggests that the stepwise mini-incision mTESE could be a promising approach for sperm retrieval in NOA men with a history of cryptorchidism. While the technique may potentially reduce operation time and surgical invasiveness, further research is needed to validate these findings on a larger scale. The results also suggest that age at orchidopexy may affect SRR and have important implications for the management of cryptorchidism.