Molecular subtyping of gastric cancer with respect to the growth pattern of lymph-node metastases.

The present findings suggest that alterations in gastric cancer leading to ENE are not associated with alterations underpinning the molecular subgroups. Nonetheless, molecular subtyping on the basis of IHC and ISH is feasible and might become clinical routine. Thus, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms of extranodal extension in gastric cancer.