Urolithiasis prevalence in the Russian Federation: analysis of trends over a 15-year period.

The incidence and prevalence of urolithiasis in the adult population steadily increased in all regions of the Russian Federation, while the incidence in children remained stable. The incidence of urolithiasis was associated with an increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus, obesity and meat consumptions, highlighting the strong association of kidney stone disease with these risk factors.