Modelling Structural Elements and Functional Responses to Lymphatic-Delivered Cues in a Murine Lymph Node on a Chip.

Lymph nodes (LNs) are organs of the immune system, critical for maintenance of homeostasis and initiation of immune responses, yet there are few models that accurately recapitulate LN functions in vitro. To tackle this issue, an engineered murine LN (eLN) was developed, replicating key cellular components of the mouse LN; incorporating primary murine lymphocytes, fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs), and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). T and B cells compartments are incorporated within the eLN that mimic LN cortex and paracortex architectures. When challenged, the eLN elicits both robust inflammatory responses and antigen-specific immune activation, showing that the system can differentiate between non-specific and antigen-specific responses and can be monitored in real-time. Beyond immune responses, this model also enables interrogation of changes in stromal cells, thus permitting investigations of all LN cellular components in homeostasis and different disease settings, such as cancer. Here, we present how LN behavior can be influenced by murine melanoma-derived factors. In conclusion, the eLN model presents a promising platform for in vitro study of LN biology that will enhance understanding of stromal and immune responses in the murine LN, and in doing so will enable development of novel therapeutic strategies to improve LN responses in disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.