2016 WSES guidelines on acute calculous cholecystitis.
L AnsaloniMichele PisanoF CoccoliniA B PeitzmannA FingerhutF CatenaF AgrestaA AllegriI BaileyZ J BaloghC BendinelliW BifflL BonavinaG BorzellinoF BrunettiC C BurlewG CamapanelliF C CampanileM CeresoliO ChiaraI CivilR CoimbraM De MoyaS Di SaverioG P FragaS GuptaJ KashukM D KellyV KokaH JeekelR LatifiA LeppaniemiR V MaierI MarziF MooreD PiazzalungaB SakakushevM SartelliT ScaleaP F StahelK TavilogluG TugnoliS UraneusG C VelmahosI WaniD G WeberP VialeM SugrueR IvaturyY KlugerK S GurusamyE E MoorePublished in: World journal of emergency surgery : WJES (2016)
Acute calculus cholecystitis is a very common disease with several area of uncertainty. The World Society of Emergency Surgery developed extensive guidelines in order to cover grey areas. The diagnostic criteria, the antimicrobial therapy, the evaluation of associated common bile duct stones, the identification of "high risk" patients, the surgical timing, the type of surgery, and the alternatives to surgery are discussed. Moreover the algorithm is proposed: as soon as diagnosis is made and after the evaluation of choledocholitiasis risk, laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be offered to all patients exception of those with high risk of morbidity or mortality. These Guidelines must be considered as an adjunctive tool for decision but they are not substitute of the clinical judgement for the individual patient.
Keyphrases
- end stage renal disease
- minimally invasive
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- coronary artery bypass
- chronic kidney disease
- liver failure
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- staphylococcus aureus
- clinical practice
- stem cells
- multiple sclerosis
- patient reported outcomes
- type diabetes
- acute coronary syndrome
- coronary artery disease
- respiratory failure
- intensive care unit
- atrial fibrillation
- surgical site infection
- risk factors
- smoking cessation
- cell therapy
- replacement therapy