Waterpipe smoking is associated with presence and severity of coronary artery disease: a propensity score-matched study.

Farzad Masoudkabir Sepehr NayebiradMajid YousefiBayan AziziZahra KarimiAkbar ShafieeSomayeh Yadangi Arash Jalali Ali Vasheghani Farahani

Published in: BMC cardiovascular disorders (2024)

WPS may increase the risk of CAD independent of age, gender, and cigarette smoking. In addition, among patients with any degree of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries (GS > 0), WPS may lead to higher average GS, suggesting more severe atherosclerosis.

Keyphrases

coronary artery disease
percutaneous coronary intervention
cardiovascular disease
cardiovascular events
coronary artery bypass grafting
coronary artery
smoking cessation
mental health
type diabetes
left ventricular
atrial fibrillation