The inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 is elevated in the serum, but not the sputum, of E-cigarette users.
Mario F PerezNkiruka C AtuegwuEric M MortensenCheryl OnckenPublished in: Experimental lung research (2020)
The inflammatory biomarker, YKL-40 is elevated in the serum but not the sputum of e-cigarette users with no reported pulmonary disease. Further research is necessary to characterize this association.