Structural characterization, anti-inflammatory and glycosidase inhibitory activities of two new polysaccharides from the root of Pueraria lobata .

Diabetes seriously endangers public health and brings a heavy economic burden to the country. Inflammation is one of the main inducing factors of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and may cause some complications of diabetes, such as diabetic encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy. In-depth research and development of drugs to cure diabetes and complications are of great significance. Pueraria lobate is a medicinal herb used in several countries to treat many diseases. Here, two new polysaccharides (PLB-1-1 and PLB-1-2) were isolated and purified from the root of Pueraria lobata with molecular weights of 9.1 × 10 3 Da and 3.8 × 10 3 Da, respectively. The structure was evaluated by monosaccharide composition, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. It was determined that PLB-1-1 comprised →4)-α-d-Glc p -(1→, α-d-Glc p -(1→, →6)-β-d-Gal p -(1→, →3)-α-l-Ara f -(1→, →3,6)-β-d-Man p -(1→ and →4,6)-β-d-Man p -(1→, and PLB-1-2 consisted of →4)-α-d-Glc p -(1→, β-d-Glc p -(1→, →4,6)-β-d-Glc p -(1→, →3,6)-β-d-Man p -(1→ and α-l-Fuc p -(1→. Furthermore, both PLB-1-1 and PLB-1-2 showed anti-inflammatory and inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase in vitro . Therefore, the new polysaccharides, i.e. , PLB-1-1 and PLB-1-2, may be considered candidates for the treatment of diabetes and its related complications.