Brain-derived neurotrophic factor serum levels as a candidate biomarker for withdrawal in crack heroin dependence.

Enam Alhagh Charkhat GorgichMohammad Gol RigiHamed Fanaei Houman Parsaei Abdolhakim Ghanbarzehi

Published in: Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy (2024)

A progressive increment in BDNF levels during early detoxification is associated with the daily amount of substance use and the duration of substance use. Our findings suggest that changes in BDNF serum levels during crack heroin use disorder and withdrawal could serve as potential biomarkers for assessing the intensity of withdrawal symptoms and substance use-related behaviors.

Keyphrases

multiple sclerosis
stress induced
physical activity
high intensity
depressive symptoms