Insular and occipital changes in visual snow syndrome: a BOLD fMRI and MRS study.
Francesca PuleddaDominic FfytcheDavid J LythgoeOwen O'DalyChristoph SchankinSteven C R WilliamsPeter J GoadsbyPublished in: Annals of clinical and translational neurology (2020)
As shown by our BOLD analysis, VS is characterized by a difference in bilateral insular responses to a visual stimulus mimicking VS itself, which could be due to disruptions within the salience network. Our results also suggest that patients with VS have a localized disturbance in extrastriate anaerobic metabolism, which may in turn cause a decreased metabolic reserve for the regular processing of visual stimuli.