A Comprehensive Review of Genetically Engineered Mouse Models for Prader-Willi Syndrome Research.
Delf-Magnus KummerfeldCarsten A RaabeJuergen BrosiusDingding MoBoris V SkryabinTimofey S RozhdestvenskyPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2021)
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurogenetic multifactorial disorder caused by the deletion or inactivation of paternally imprinted genes on human chromosome 15q11-q13. The affected homologous locus is on mouse chromosome 7C. The positional conservation and organization of genes including the imprinting pattern between mice and men implies similar physiological functions of this locus. Therefore, considerable efforts to recreate the pathogenesis of PWS have been accomplished in mouse models. We provide a summary of different mouse models that were generated for the analysis of PWS and discuss their impact on our current understanding of corresponding genes, their putative functions and the pathogenesis of PWS. Murine models of PWS unveiled the contribution of each affected gene to this multi-facetted disease, and also enabled the establishment of the minimal critical genomic region (PWScr) responsible for core symptoms, highlighting the importance of non-protein coding genes in the PWS locus. Although the underlying disease-causing mechanisms of PWS remain widely unresolved and existing mouse models do not fully capture the entire spectrum of the human PWS disorder, continuous improvements of genetically engineered mouse models have proven to be very powerful and valuable tools in PWS research.
Keyphrases
- mouse model
- genome wide
- genome wide identification
- endothelial cells
- copy number
- growth hormone
- bioinformatics analysis
- dna methylation
- case report
- dna damage
- gene expression
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- genome wide association study
- mass spectrometry
- dna repair
- metabolic syndrome
- depressive symptoms
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- liquid chromatography
- high fat diet induced
- simultaneous determination