Cyano-Functionalized n-Type Polymer with High Electron Mobility for High-Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors.

n-Type organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) with high electron mobility are scarce and highly challenging to develop. As a result, the figure-of-merit (µC*) of n-type organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) lags far behind the p-type analogs, restraining the development of OECT-based low-power complementary circuits and biosensors. Here, two n-type donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers based on fused bithiophene imide dimer f-BTI2 as the acceptor unit and thienylene-vinylene-thienylene (TVT) as the donor co-unit are reported. The cyanation of TVT enables polymer f-BTI2g-TVTCN with simultaneously enhanced ion-uptake ability, film structural order, and charge-transport property. As a result, it is able to obtain a high volumetric capacitance (C*) of 170 ± 22 F cm -3 and a record OECT electron mobility (μ e,OECT ) of 0.24 cm 2 V -1 s -1 for f-BTI2g-TVTCN, subsequently achieving a state-of-the-art µC* of 41.3 F cm -1 V -1 s -1 and geometry-normalized transconductance (g m,norm ) of 12.8 S cm -1 in n-type accumulation-mode OECTs. In contrast, only a moderate µC* of 1.50 F cm -1 V -1 s -1 is measured for the non-cyanated polymer f-BTI2g-TVT. These remarkable results demonstrate the great power of cyano functionalization of polymer semiconductors in developing n-type OMIECs with substantial electron mobility in aqueous environment for high-performance n-type OECTs.