Investigating the effects of cesarean delivery and antibiotic use in early childhood on risk of later attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Paul Bryde AxelssonTine Dalsgaard ClausenAnne Helby PetersenIda HagemanAnja PinborgLars Vedel KessingThomas BergholtSteen Christian RasmussenNiels KeidingEllen Christine Leth LøkkegaardPublished in: Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines (2018)
Detailed family confounder control using the superior between-within model indicates that cesarean delivery or use of antibiotics during the first 2 years of life does not increase ADHD risk. Therefore, our study suggests that changes in children's microbiota related to cesarean delivery or antibiotic use, do not cause ADHD.