Dynamic quantitative monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid monoamine neurotransmitter markers during the modeling process of chronic stress-induced depression in monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

This study is the first to observe the long-term dynamic relationship between early adversity, chronic stress, adolescent depression, and CSF monoamine concentrations. The research suggests that MS and chronic stress play an undeniable role in the pathogenesis of depression and that concentrations of HVA and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid are likely to serve as early markers of depressive-like symptoms in macaques.