Growth differentiation factor 15 and cardiovascular risk: individual patient meta-analysis.
Eri Toda KatoDavid A MorrowJianping GuoDavid D BergMichael A BlazingErin A BohulaMarc P BonacaChristopher P CannonJames A de LemosRobert P GiuglianoPetr JarolimTibor KempfL Kristin NewbyMichelle L O'DonoghueMarc A PfefferNader RifaiStephen D WiviottKai C WollertEugene BraunwaldMarc S SabatinePublished in: European heart journal (2022)
Growth differentiation factor 15 consistently adds prognostic information for CV death and HHF across the spectrum of ASCVD. GDF-15 also adds prognostic information for MI and stroke beyond clinical risk factors and cardiac biomarkers but not in the setting of ACS.