Relationship of clinical presentation and angiographic findings in patients with indirect cavernous carotid fistulae.

Matthew David AlexanderVan V HalbachDanial K HallamDaniel L CookeBasavaraj GhodkeChristopher F DowdMatthew R AmansSteven W HettsRandall T HigashidaPhilip M Meyers

Published in: Journal of neurointerventional surgery (2019)

A high index of suspicion is needed to promptly diagnose patients with ICCFs. High risk features are more common in the setting of chemosis, orbital pain, bruit, or spontaneous loss of symptoms. Patients with such symptoms warrant expedited angiographic evaluation.

Keyphrases

chronic pain
sleep quality
pain management
neuropathic pain
depressive symptoms
physical activity
clinical evaluation