A V 2 O 5 cathode for aqueous rechargeable Pb-ion batteries.

Aqueous rechargeable metal batteries (AMBs) have attracted great attention and have been regarded as a next-generation promising energy storage system. However, the high-activity metal anodes usually face side reactions, passivation, and hydrogen evolution reactions, which impede the development of high-performance AMBs. Here, we designed and assembled a Pb metal battery based on a highly reversible Pb metal anode and layered V 2 O 5 cathode, which showed good electrochemical performance. This new-type battery will encourage more investigations for high-performance AMBs and open up an innovation pathway for traditional lead-acid batteries.