Manganese-based hollow nanoplatforms for MR imaging-guided cancer therapies.
Shuang LiangGuangfu LiaoWenzhen ZhuLi ZhangPublished in: Biomaterials research (2022)
Theranostic nanoplatforms integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functions have received considerable attention in the past decade. Among them, hollow manganese (Mn)-based nanoplatforms are superior since they combine the advantages of hollow structures and the intrinsic theranostic features of Mn 2+ . Specifically, the hollow cavity can encapsulate a variety of small-molecule drugs, such as chemotherapeutic agents, photosensitizers and photothermal agents, for chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), respectively. After degradation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the released Mn 2+ is able to act simultaneously as a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent (CA) and as a Fenton-like agent for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). More importantly, synergistic treatment outcomes can be realized by reasonable and optimized design of the hollow nanosystems. This review summarizes various Mn-based hollow nanoplatforms, including hollow Mn x O y , hollow matrix-supported Mn x O y , hollow Mn-doped nanoparticles, hollow Mn complex-based nanoparticles, hollow Mn-cobalt (Co)-based nanoparticles, and hollow Mn-iron (Fe)-based nanoparticles, for MR imaging-guided cancer therapies. Finally, we discuss the potential obstacles and perspectives of these hollow Mn-based nanotheranostics for translational applications. Mn-based hollow nanoplatforms such as hollow Mn x O y nanoparticles, hollow matrix-supported Mn x O y nanoparticles, Mn-doped hollow nanoparticles, Mn complex-based hollow nanoparticles, hollow Mn-Co-based nanoparticles and hollow Mn-Fe-based nanoparticles show great promise in cancer theranostics.
Keyphrases
- metal organic framework
- photodynamic therapy
- molecularly imprinted
- magnetic resonance
- room temperature
- small molecule
- stem cells
- quantum dots
- squamous cell carcinoma
- mesenchymal stem cells
- nitric oxide
- working memory
- radiation therapy
- computed tomography
- contrast enhanced
- cancer therapy
- gold nanoparticles
- rectal cancer
- highly efficient
- protein protein