Bacterial infection is becoming the biggest threat to human health. The scenario is partly due to the ineffectiveness of the conventional antibiotic treatments against the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and partly due to the bacteria living in biofilms or cells. Adaptive biomaterials can change their physicochemical properties in the microenvironment of bacterial infection, thereby facilitating either their interactions with bacteria or drug release. The trends in treating bacterial infections using adaptive biomaterials-based systems are flourishing and generate innumerous possibility to design novel antimicrobial therapeutics. This feature article aims to summarize the recent developments in the formulations, mechanisms, and advances of adaptive materials in bacterial infection diagnosis, contact killing of bacteria, and antimicrobial drug delivery. Also, the challenges and limitations of current antimicrobial treatments based on adaptive materials and their clinical and industrial future prospects are discussed.
Keyphrases
- deep learning
- drug delivery
- staphylococcus aureus
- current status
- drug release
- human health
- multidrug resistant
- risk assessment
- induced apoptosis
- stem cells
- tissue engineering
- heavy metals
- bone regeneration
- oxidative stress
- climate change
- cell cycle arrest
- escherichia coli
- signaling pathway
- wastewater treatment
- cell death
- candida albicans
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- pi k akt